In a groundbreaking move towards sustainable transportation, Tata Motors has initiated India’s first hydrogen truck trials on government approved Indian highways. This ambitious project is a significant milestone in the country’s journey to decarbonize its transportation sector and achieve net-zero emissions by 2070. The trials, funded under the National Green Hydrogen Mission, aim to explore the feasibility of hydrogen-powered heavy-duty trucks for long-haul freight transportation.

Hydrogen Trucks, Trials: Mobility with H2ICE and H2-FCEV Technologies

The trial will involve 16 advanced hydrogen-powered trucks equipped with cutting-edge Hydrogen Internal Combustion Engine (H2ICE) and Hydrogen Fuel Cell Electric Vehicle (H2-FCEV) technologies. These vehicles include the Tata Prima H.55S (available in both H2-ICE and H2-FCEV variants) and the Tata Prima H.28 H2-ICE truck. With an operational range of 300-500 km, these trucks are engineered for high performance, cost efficiency, and sustainability.

India Hydrogen Trucks, Trials – Routes, highways approved:

The trials will span up to 24 months, during which these vehicles will be tested on some of India’s busiest freight corridors, including routes around Mumbai, Pune, Delhi-NCR, Surat, Vadodara, Jamshedpur, and Kalinganagar.

Government Backing for Green Energy Transition

The project was flagged off in New Delhi by Shri Nitin Gadkari, Union Minister of Road Transport & Highways, and Shri Pralhad Joshi, Union Minister of New and Renewable Energy. Shri Gadkari emphasized the transformative potential of hydrogen as a clean fuel alternative:

“Hydrogen is the fuel of the future with immense potential to transform India’s transportation sector by reducing emissions and enhancing energy self-reliance. Such initiatives will accelerate the transition to sustainable mobility in heavy-duty trucking.”

Shri Joshi echoed this sentiment, highlighting how green hydrogen could play a pivotal role in decarbonizing India’s economy while contributing to global climate goals.

Hydrogen Trucks: Objectives of the Trials

The primary aim of these trials is to assess the commercial viability of hydrogen-powered trucks under real-world conditions. Key objectives include:

• Evaluating the performance of H2-ICE and H2-FCEV technologies.
• Testing infrastructure readiness for hydrogen refueling.
• Gathering data on operational efficiency and cost-effectiveness.
• Demonstrating hydrogen’s potential as a clean fuel alternative for long-haul transportation.

Tata Motors’ Commitment to Sustainable Mobility

As India’s largest commercial vehicle manufacturer, Tata Motors has been at the forefront of developing alternative fuel technologies, including battery electric vehicles (BEVs), CNG, LNG, and now hydrogen-powered solutions. Speaking at the event, Mr. Girish Wagh, Executive Director at Tata Motors, stated:

“With the commencement of these hydrogen truck trials, we are proud to pioneer the transition to zero-emission energy for long-haul transportation. This initiative aligns with our vision of building sustainable, future-ready mobility solutions.”

Towards Net-Zero Emissions

This initiative is part of India’s broader strategy under the National Green Hydrogen Mission to reduce dependence on fossil fuels and promote green energy adoption. By integrating hydrogen trucks powered by H2ICE and H2FCEV technologies into its logistics ecosystem, India aims to lead the global transition toward sustainable freight solutions.

Hydrogen Trucks, A Promising Step, but a Long Journey Ahead – Conclusion

The launch of these hydrogen truck trials marks a historic moment for India’s green mobility journey. With Tata Motors at the helm and strong government support under the National Green Hydrogen Mission, this initiative has the potential to revolutionize long-haul transportation while significantly reducing carbon emissions. The initiative demonstrates a proactive approach from a major domestic automaker to explore and potentially lead the hydrogen transition in the heavy-duty segment.

Tata Motors Drives India’s Green Future with Country’s First Hydrogen Truck Trials – Tata Motors

This content is protected by copyright and cannot be reused without permission. For collaboration inquiries or to request content usage rights, please get in touch with us: info@thehydrogen.energy

Global power and technology leader, Cummins Inc., has announced a significant leap forward in sustainable transportation with the launch of its revolutionary turbocharger, specifically designed for hydrogen internal combustion engines (H2 ICE). This development marks a key milestone in the heavy-duty commercial on-highway sector in Europe, showcasing Cummins’ commitment to a zero-emission future.

Turbocharger for Hydrogen Engines (H2 ICE Turbocharger): A Game Changer for Heavy-Duty Transportation

The new H2 ICE turbocharger, developed by Cummins Components and Software (CCS), represents a major stride in the pursuit of low-emission transportation solutions. This turbocharger is not a mere adaptation of existing technology, but a bespoke design addressing the distinct requirements of hydrogen combustion. Specifically designed to power the first H2 ICE for heavy-duty trucks in Europe, it addresses the growing demand for more sustainable solutions.

Turbocharger for hydrogen engines innovation underscores Cummins’ strategic focus on decarbonization. The H2 ICE engine technology, recognized by the European Union (EU) as zero-emission, offers a practical, near-term alternative for reducing emissions. The compliance of H2 ICE engines with the stringent Euro VII emission standards underscores the viability of hydrogen as a key component in the global shift towards cleaner transportation.

Turbocharger for Hydrogen Engines, Technical Innovations:

The Cummins H2 ICE turbocharger is not simply an adaptation of existing turbocharging technology; it’s a meticulously engineered system designed from the ground up to address the unique challenges of hydrogen combustion. Turbocharger for Hydrogen Engines is based upon this variable geometry turbocharger (VGT) which is at the forefront of turbocharging innovation, incorporating several key features:

• Bespoke Aerodynamics for Enhanced Hydrogen Combustion Efficiency
  • Advanced Impeller and Turbine Blade Design: Cummins engineers have employed advanced computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations to optimize the impeller and turbine blade profiles for the unique characteristics of hydrogen. This includes adapting the blade angles, shapes, and curvature to achieve maximum aerodynamic efficiency with hydrogen’s lower density and higher flame speed. The design includes considerations for varying inlet conditions, ensuring optimal performance across the engine’s operating range.
  • Optimized Volute Design: The turbocharger volute (the spiral casing) is redesigned to ensure smooth airflow to the turbine, minimizing turbulence and pressure drop. This ensures efficient conversion of exhaust gas energy into turbine power. The volute is designed to handle the high volumetric flow rates of hydrogen combustion products.
  • Reduced Inertia Components: The turbocharger utilizes low-inertia rotor assemblies, which can quickly respond to changes in engine load, resulting in improved transient performance and reduced turbo lag. This is crucial for maintaining high engine responsiveness in the dynamic environments of heavy-duty trucking. The impeller and turbine are carefully balanced for high speed operation.
  • Improved Compressor Efficiency: The compressor design also employs variable geometry features to optimize performance at varying altitudes and ambient temperatures. The compressor maps are specifically developed for the unique conditions of hydrogen combustion. The compressor is also designed for higher flowrates compared to traditional turbochargers.
• Advanced Prognostics and Real-Time Performance Monitoring
  • Integrated Sensor Suite: The turbocharger incorporates a sophisticated array of high-precision sensors, including speed sensors, temperature sensors (both gas and component temperatures), pressure sensors (both boost pressure and back pressure), and vibration sensors. These sensors provide a detailed view of the turbocharger’s operating conditions in real-time.
  • Predictive Algorithms: Advanced machine learning algorithms analyze real-time data from the sensors, to predict performance degradation and identify the potential for failure before they occur. This includes algorithms for analyzing temperature variation, boost pressure patterns, vibration, and other parameters. These algorithms continuously update to learn the turbocharger’s performance over time and predict potential maintenance needs.
  • Diagnostic Software Integration: The diagnostic system seamlessly integrates with Cummins engine control system, providing real-time data and alerts to operators, enabling proactive maintenance to prevent potential downtimes. This predictive analytics enables scheduled maintenance based on real conditions rather than traditional time based maintenance schedules. The system monitors for out-of-bounds conditions and sends an alert to the operator.
  • Water Production Monitoring: Specific sensors designed to measure water accumulation within the turbocharger are included, which signals any issues related to increased water output and drainage.
• Variable Geometry Technology (VGT) for Dynamic Performance
  • Precision Actuation Mechanism: The VGT employs a highly precise actuation mechanism to control the position of the turbine vanes. This mechanism provides fine-grained control of the turbine’s flow path, enabling the turbocharger to deliver optimum performance across a wide range of engine operating conditions.
  • Advanced Control Strategy: The actuation system is controlled by advanced algorithms in the Engine Control Unit (ECU) which receives data from the engine, and the turbocharger sensors, and dynamically adjusts the position of the vanes for optimal performance.
  • Optimized Boost Control: The VGT allows for precise control of boost pressure, which in turn helps improve engine torque, responsiveness, and fuel efficiency. The VGT control system is dynamically adjusted based on the engine operating conditions.
  • Improved Low-End Torque: By utilizing variable geometry, the turbocharger can deliver higher boost at low engine speeds, enhancing low end torque and engine responsiveness.

These technical enhancements highlight Cummins’ dedication to innovation and their ability to deliver a turbocharger that not only meets the demands of hydrogen combustion but also optimizes the overall performance of heavy-duty hydrogen engines.

Overcoming the Challenges of Hydrogen Combustion

The development of the Turbocharger for hydrogen engines required significant innovation to overcome several technical challenges:

• Managing Variable Lambda Requirements:
  • Hydrogen combustion requires precise air-fuel ratios (lambda) which can vary significantly.
  • The turbocharger was engineered to function efficiently across this broader spectrum of lambda conditions, ensuring consistent engine performance.
  • The control system of the turbocharger has to quickly adapt to ensure that the required lambda is maintained during transient operations.
• Addressing Increased Water Production:
  • Hydrogen combustion creates a higher volume of water compared to conventional fuels.
  • The turbocharger’s design and materials had to be adapted to manage this increased water output without any performance degradation.
  • The material selection was critical to prevent water related corrosion.
• Mitigating Metallurgical Impacts of Hydrogen:
  • Hydrogen can cause embrittlement in certain metals.
  • Cummins selected specific materials and incorporated unique manufacturing processes to prevent structural issues related to hydrogen.

By overcoming these challenges, Cummins demonstrates its engineering expertise and leadership in developing hydrogen technologies for heavy-duty applications.

Turbo Hydrogen Engine, Compliance with Euro VII Emission Standards

Designing this new turbocharger for hydrogen engines, Cummins’ hydrogen internal combustion engine (H2 ICE) technology has been classified as zero-emission by the European Union (EU), making it a promising bridge solution for reducing emissions in heavy-duty applications. Furthermore, this technology complies with the upcoming Euro VII emission standards, showcasing hydrogen’s potential as a viable alternative fuel source in the journey toward global decarbonization.

Conclusion: Pioneering a Hydrogen-Powered Future

The launch of the H2 ICE turbocharger by Cummins signifies a major advancement in hydrogen technology for heavy-duty transportation. By addressing the inherent challenges of hydrogen combustion and delivering a reliable, high-performance turbocharging system, Cummins is charting a course toward a cleaner, more sustainable future. This innovation underscores the potential of hydrogen to power the next generation of heavy-duty vehicles and contributes significantly to global decarbonization efforts. As industries continue to explore hydrogen as a viable energy source, innovations like these will play a crucial role in shaping the landscape of clean transportation technologies.

Source

This content is protected by copyright and cannot be reused without permission. For collaboration inquiries or to request content usage rights, please get in touch with us: info@thehydrogen.energy

India’s Hydrogen Train, Indian Railways is set to revolutionize its operations with the introduction of hydrogen-powered trains, marking a significant step towards sustainable rail transport. This initiative is part of the “Hydrogen for Heritage” program, which aims to retrofit existing Diesel Electric Multiple Unit (DEMU) trains to operate on hydrogen fuel cells. The first refueling station will be established in Jind, Haryana, and is currently on system integration, soon ready for testing and trial run! (Originally expected to be trial ready by December 2024).

India Hydrogen Train Pilot- Location, Top Speed, Route Map:

• Location: Sonipat – Jind, Haryana, Northern Railways
• Pilot Route: Sonipat-Jind (89 km) with 12 stations, Altitude 300 meter approx. above mean sea level
• 2 Trains of Five Cars each
• Operating Speed: 110 KMPH
• Test Speed: 120 KMPH
• Top Speed: 140 KMPH

India’s hydrogen train project will involve retrofitting a DEMU rake currently powered by diesel to operate on hydrogen. Converting a ten-car diesel train with head motor cars into two five-car trains powered by hydrogen and battery traction. The original train was built at Indian Railways’ ICF plant in Chennai. This transition aligns with Indian Railways’ broader goals of reducing carbon emissions and enhancing sustainability in transportation.

DEMU – Existing Diesel Electric Multiple Unit (DEMU) Trains, already deployed by Indian Railways.

India Hydrogen Train: Route Map, Stations, Halts

Sonipat – Jind, Hariana section of Northern Railways has total distance of 89 Kms. The section has 12 no. halts or stations. Altitude 300 meter approx. above mean sea level.

India Hydrogen train Route map, Drive cycle: Between Sonipat-Jind (up and down trip)

Note, this is only Pilot testing project, not officially or ready for the passengers

India’s Hydrogen train: Technical Specifications

The hydrogen fuel cell based rail propulsion technologies powered by PEMFC (proton
exchange membrane based Fuel Cell) along with a suitably sized battery bank are being
tried out globally for powering railroad vehicles. Elimination of fossil fuel and very low
emissions are inherent advantages of such a rolling stock, is the key intent of India’s hydrogen train project. Indian Railways plans to convert the existing 1600 hp DEMU into hybrid fuel cell and battery based Distributed Power Rolling Stock (DPRS).

India’s hydrogen train – Hydrogen Production and Refueling Station:

• Electrolyzer Type: 1 MW Proton Exchange Membrane (PEM) electrolyzer
• Hydrogen Production Capacity: Approximately 420 kg per day
• Hydrogen Storage Capacity: 3,000 kg
• Refueling Infrastructure:
  • Two hydrogen dispensers with pre-cooler integration
  • Hydrogen compressors for efficient refueling

India’s hydrogen train Specifications:

• With a 1200 HP (900 kW) output, each India hydrogen train represents a leading achievement in its class, surpassing other hydrogen train technologies currently in use in countries such as Germany, France, Sweden, and China
• Power Output: Each hydrogen train will have a total power output 900 kW, comprising:
  • 800 kW (max) from fuel cells
  • 400 kW (max) from batteries
• Onboard Hydrogen fuel type: Hydrogen gas in removable, refillable cylinders as compressed gaseous hydrogen (CGH2) at 350 bar
• Fuel Cell: Proton Exchange Membrane (PEM)
• Fuel Cell Module: Eight integrated units of Ballard Power Systems’ FCmove-HD+ (100 kW each)
• India’s Hydrogen Train Design Features:
  • Retrofitting without modifying train bogies or car bodies
  • Hydrogen tanks can be replaced within 45 minutes for fast refueling
  • Maximum operating temperature: +55 °C (in sunlight), +47 °C (in shade)

• Dynamic trials of India’s Hydrogen Train will start from 2025, with a target of covering 50,000 km during the testing phase.
• The hydrogen trains are designed for a maximum axle load limit of 20.3 tons.
• Hybrid fuel cell and battery based Distributed Power Rolling Stock (DPRS)
• With regenerative braking
• India hydrogen train cost – The project, including infrastructure, is said to be INR 111.83 crores or ($13.5 million)

India’s Hydrogen Train: Suppliers Involved

BHEL is the primary integrator, infrastructure provider, and responsible for technical diligence and approval for India hydrogen train project since its inception. Also ensures compliance with all safety norms for hydrogen usage.

• Medha Servo Drives (MSD): Awarded the contract for retrofitting the DEMU trains. They are responsible for integrating the hydrogen fuel cell systems and ensuring operational efficiency. MSD has previously refurbished diesel trains at the Integral Coach Factory in Chennai.
• GreenH Electrolysis: Contracted to provide engineering, procurement, and construction services for the hydrogen production and refueling station. They will supply the PEM electrolyzer for the India’s Hydrogen Train from their new manufacturing facility in Jhajjar, Haryana.
• Ballard Power Systems: A Canadian company supplying the fuel cell technology essential for powering the hydrogen trains. Their FCmove-HD+ modules are specifically designed for heavy-duty applications in rail transport.
• Indian Railways has appointed Germany’s TUV-SUD to conduct a third-party safety audit process for the India’s Hydrogen Train Project

Economic Considerations – India Hydrogen Train

The running cost of India Hydrogen Train project which is hydrogen fuel based is yet to be established in the Indian Railways context. Initially, the operating costs for hydrogen-powered train sets are expected to be higher but will decrease as more trains are introduced. Moreover, using hydrogen as a fuel offers significant advantages in advancing green transportation technologies, supporting the goal of zero carbon emissions as a clean energy source.

India’s Hydrogen Train: Budget Allocation

Indian Railways (IR) plans to operate 35 hydrogen trains under the “Hydrogen for Heritage” initiative, with an estimated cost of ₹80 crores per train and ₹70 crores per route for ground infrastructure on various heritage and hill routes.

India Hydrogen Train: Future Outlook

The successful implementation of this India’s hydrogen train project could set a precedent for further advancements in green transportation across India. It represents not only a commitment to sustainable practices but also an opportunity to lead in innovative railway technology globally. As Indian Railways works towards electrifying its tracks by FY25, India’s hydrogen train project initiative is seen as a logical next step in its journey towards becoming a net-zero carbon emitter by 2030.

In conclusion, India’s first hydrogen train project showcases a significant leap towards sustainable rail transport, driven by collaboration among key suppliers and innovative technology aimed at reducing environmental impact while enhancing operational efficiency.

Source: https://pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=1896102

Article updated on Jan 2025.

The Nikola TRE Fuel Cell Electric Vehicle (FCEV) represents cutting-edge technology in hydrogen fuel cell systems, vehicle energy management, and sustainable logistics. Nikola’s holistic approach to reducing carbon emissions combines innovation in materials, software, green hydrogen production, and strategic research and development (R&D) efforts.

1. Nikola Trucks TRE: Fuel Cell Stack and Key Components

Fuel Cell Stack Technology

The Nikola TRE FCEV features proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cells, designed for high efficiency and durability in heavy-duty trucking. Developed in collaboration with Bosch, the truck’s fuel cells deliver 240 kW of power through two 120 kW fuel cell stacks. This modular approach allows flexibility for different truck models, ensuring scalability across various payload and performance needs.

• MEA (Membrane Electrode Assembly): The core of the fuel cell stack, the MEA, facilitates the electrochemical process that splits hydrogen into protons and electrons. The protons pass through the proton-conducting membrane, while the electrons travel through an external circuit to power the electric motors.
• Catalyst Materials: Nikola and Bosch have developed an advanced catalyst coating made primarily of platinum. However, ongoing R&D aims to reduce reliance on platinum by researching nano material-based catalysts like graphene. This would lower costs while maintaining high catalytic efficiency.
• Bipolar Plates: These plates manage the flow of hydrogen and oxygen across the fuel cell, ensuring uniform distribution and preventing performance degradation. Lightweight materials like carbon composite are used to minimize the weight of the stack while maintaining strength.

Stack Efficiency and Longevity

The PEM fuel cells in the Nikola TRE achieve an efficiency rating of 60-65%, meaning a high proportion of the energy from hydrogen is effectively converted into electricity. The 700,000-mile lifespan is achieved through careful management of thermal stress and hydration of the proton-exchange membrane.

2. Nikola Trucks: Hydrogen Storage System and Refueling

Hydrogen Tanks

Hydrogen gas is stored as Compressed Gaseous Hydrogen (CGH2). The truck’s high-pressure hydrogen gas storage system consists of 700 bar carbon-fiber tanks capable of holding 70 kilograms of hydrogen. It has three backpack tanks and two saddle tanks, all of them made of Type 4 composite. This amount of hydrogen supports a driving range of approximately 500 miles on a full tank, making the Nikola Tre FCEV ideal for regional and long-haul applications.

• Tank Safety Features: The multi-layer construction of the tanks ensures resistance to punctures, temperature fluctuations, and pressure variations. Pressure relief valves and sensors continually monitor tank conditions to detect any anomalies.
• Fueling Infrastructure: The truck’s fast refueling capability is enabled by Nikola’s partnership with Nel ASA, which supplies the HYLA hydrogen stations. Refueling takes approximately 20 minutes, positioning the truck to compete with diesel vehicles in terms of operational downtime.
• Range: Up to 500 miles on a full hydrogen tank
• Hydrogen Capacity: 70 kg (total storage).
• Fuel Efficiency or mileage
  • Hydrogen Consumption: ~7.14 miles/kg or 11.58 KM / Kg
  • MPGe (Miles per Gallon Equivalent):: ~7.2 MPGe (based on energy equivalence: 1 kg H₂ ≈ 33.6 kWh).
• Notes: Hydrogen trucks are less energy-efficient than BEVs due to production and conversion losses but offer faster refueling and longer range.

3. Energy Management System (EMS) and Battery Integration

Hybrid Energy System:

The Nikola Tre FCEV includes two battery packs with a total usable capacity of 140 kWh (70 kWh each), which work in tandem with the fuel cell stack to power the vehicle. The battery packs can be charged, allowing the truck to operate in a plug-in hybrid mode for short distances without consuming hydrogen.

The truck’s powertrain integrates a 164 kWh lithium battery system to store excess energy generated by the fuel cells and regenerative braking. The energy management system (EMS) balances power output from the fuel cells and batteries, optimizing the truck’s efficiency during driving.

• Battery Chemistry: The high-performance battery system uses lithium-nickel-manganese-cobalt-oxide (LiNiMnCoO2) cylindrical cells, known for their energy density and ability to handle frequent charge/discharge cycles without significant degradation.
• R&D efforts are exploring solid-state battery technology, which could eventually replace traditional lithium-ion cells to improve energy density and safety.

Regenerative Braking

The regenerative braking system converts kinetic energy from deceleration into electrical energy stored in the battery. Nikola has engineered seven levels of regenerative braking, giving the driver control over energy recovery, reducing brake wear, and extending the truck’s driving range.

4. Nikola Trucks – Software Systems and Electronics

Energy Optimization Software

The Nikola TRE FCEV’s powertrain is governed by an advanced energy management system (EMS) that ensures the fuel cells and battery system work in harmony. The software analyzes driving conditions and energy demands, dynamically adjusting power distribution to maximize efficiency.

• Predictive Energy Distribution: The software can anticipate power needs based on terrain, load weight, and driving patterns, optimizing fuel cell output and battery utilization for maximum range.

5.Nikola Trucks: Telematics and Fleet Management

Nikola’s cloud-based telemetry and diagnostics system provides real-time monitoring of the truck’s performance, hydrogen consumption, battery health, and overall system integrity. Fleet managers can access this data remotely to enhance operational efficiency and schedule preventative maintenance. The system also supports over-the-air (OTA) updates, ensuring that the latest software enhancements are always installed.

Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS)

The truck features a suite of Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS), including:

• Adaptive Cruise Control (ACC)
• Lane Departure Warning (LDW)
• Blind-Spot Monitoring
• Autonomous Emergency Braking (AEB)

These systems enhance driver safety and comfort, particularly during long-haul operations, reducing the risk of accidents and improving road safety.

6. Green Hydrogen Production and Infrastructure

Partnership with Nel ASA

Nikola has partnered with Nel ASA, a leading hydrogen technology company, to establish green hydrogen refueling infrastructure across key transport routes. Hydrogen for Nikola trucks is produced via electrolysis, a process that uses renewable electricity from solar, wind, and hydropower to split water into hydrogen and oxygen.

• Green Hydrogen: Electrolysis produces hydrogen with zero carbon emissions, ensuring that the fuel used in Nikola trucks is entirely renewable. The goal is to establish a comprehensive network of HYLA hydrogen stations, with plans to build 700 stations by 2028, allowing fleets to operate entirely on green hydrogen.

R&D in Hydrogen Production

Nel ASA and Nikola are exploring next-gen electrolysis technology, focusing on improving efficiency, reducing water consumption, and lowering overall production costs. Solid oxide electrolysis (SOEC) technology is also being researched, which operates at higher temperatures to increase hydrogen production efficiency by utilizing waste heat from industrial processes.

7. Strategic Partnerships and Collaborations

• Bosch: A major partner in the development of fuel cells, electric motors, and power electronics. Bosch’s role is central to the truck’s core components, especially in optimizing fuel cell stacks for mass production.
• IVECO: Nikola’s collaboration with IVECO enables production at their Ulm, Germany facility, which serves as the main hub for European truck manufacturing.
• Nel ASA: Provides critical infrastructure for green hydrogen production and refueling, with an aim to build a global network of HYLA hydrogen stations.

Conclusion

The Nikola TRE FCEV is a pivotal player in the transition to zero-emission heavy-duty transportation, leveraging cutting-edge hydrogen fuel cell technology, integrated battery systems, advanced software, and green hydrogen infrastructure. Through its partnerships with Bosch, IVECO, and Nel ASA, Nikola is driving innovations in both vehicle technology and hydrogen production.

Source: https://www.nikolamotor.com/

This article is Copyright protected

Nikola Corporation (Nasdaq: NKLA), a leading zero-emissions transportation and clean energy solutions provider, has reported its financial results and business updates for the second quarter of 2024. The company achieved its strongest topline performance in history, with Q2 2024 revenue reaching $31.3M, a remarkable 318% increase from Q1.

Nikola Trucks, Key Highlights:

– Wholesaled 72 hydrogen fuel cell electric vehicles or trucks (FCEVs) in Q2, exceeding the high-end of guidance and representing an 80% increase from Q1

– Created alternative revenue streams through the initial sale of regulatory credits

– On track to complete the BEV “2.0” recall program by year-end 2024

“In the last three quarters of serial production, we have demonstrated that Nikola is the offtake. We are the catalyst to disrupt Class 8 trucking to make zero-emission a reality,” said Steve Girsky, President and CEO of Nikola.

Hydrogen Fuel Cell Electric Truck Performance:

Nikola Trucks have traveled more than 550K miles with an average fuel economy of 7.2 mi/kg, validating the company’s performance benchmark. On a converted basis, Nikola’s FCEVs outperformed the average Class 8 truck on fuel economy by 23%, with an estimated 8.0 miles per gallon (mpg) diesel equivalent.

HYLA Energy Expansion:

Nikola is delivering HYLA fueling solutions to support volume ramp-up, with the opening of a HYLA branded station in Toronto, Ontario, Canada and the completion of a modular station in Santa Fe Springs, Southern California. The company also added another modular refueler at its Ontario, California station, doubling capacity.

Battery-Electric Truck Recall Progress:

Nikola remains on track to complete the BEV recall program by year-end 2024, with overwhelmingly positive feedback from returned units and ongoing over-the-air updates reaching customers.

Nikola’s mission is to pioneer solutions for a zero-emissions world, transforming commercial transportation with its Class 8 vehicles and the HYLA hydrogen refueling ecosystem.

Nikola Trucks, Building a Purpose-Driven Coalition:

Nikola is bringing together partners like dealers, fleet customers, suppliers, and strategic partners to accelerate the hydrogen economy. The company secured a significant order of 100 hydrogen FCEVs from AiLO Logistics, indicating potential growth.

In summary, Nikola’s Q2 2024 results demonstrate strong progress in its hydrogen truck and electric truck segments, with record revenue, FCEV deliveries exceeding guidance, and continued expansion of its hydrogen fueling infrastructure. The company is well-positioned to lead the hydrogen transition, infrastructure to zero-emissions transportation.

What is Tri-gen?

The Tri-gen system, owned and operated by FuelCell Energy, produces three products: renewable electricity, renewable hydrogen, and usable water. This is achieved using renewable biogas supplied through a pipeline to the facility. Biogas is produced from organic waste or sewage water.

Tri-gen is expected to help

• To reduce more than 9,000 tons of CO₂ emissions from the power grid each year
• To reduce diesel consumption by more than 420,000 gallons per year, using hydrogen-powered fuel cell Class 8 trucks in port operations
• To avoid more than six tons of grid NOx emissions

The clean energy system produces 2.3-megawatts of renewable electricity. Part of this will be utilized by TLS Long Beach to support its 100% operations at the port. This is the Toyota’s first logistics facility, powered by onsite generated, 100 percent renewable energy.

Surplus electricity generated is supplied to the local utility company, Southern California Edison. This is in accordance with the California Bioenergy Market Adjustment Tariff (BioMAT) program. Hence contributing a renewable, robust, and cost-effective baseload electricity generation resource to the power grid.

The new system can generate up to 1,400 gallons of water daily. This water is then repurposed for the car wash operations at TLS for vehicles arriving at the port prior to delivery to customers. This practice aids in decreasing the strain on local water supplies by saving around half a million gallons annually.

The high level technology behind

Renewable Biogas primarily consists of methane gas. And methane (from Natural gas) is used for the production of hydrogen commercially through a well known industry process called steam methane reforming (SMR) process.

Internal reforming using fuel cells is the cutting-edge technology that holds promise for direct hydrogen production from natural gas within the fuel cell itself. This is achieved by a special electrocatalyst embedded in the fuel electrode’s porous structure. The internally produced hydrogen and carbon monoxide (via in-situ steam reforming) are immediately consumed by the cell through electrochemical process generating clean electricity, water vapour at the output. Initial calculations suggest this technology offers very high conversion rates (potentially 100%) due to the continuous removal of hydrogen for direct power generation.

This fuel cell based technology is a highly efficient, combustion-free process that emits virtually no air pollutants.

Fuel cell type: High temperature, Carbonate Fuel Cell

Tri-gen system has the capacity to generate up to 1,200 kg of hydrogen per day. This hydrogen is used to fuel Toyota’s incoming light-duty fuel cell electric vehicle (FCEV) Mirai and also to supply hydrogen to the nearby heavy-duty hydrogen refueling station. This supports the logistics and drayage operations of TLS at the port.

Starting from January 1, 2024, California’s Advanced Clean Fleet Regulation will permit only zero-emission trucks to register as new drayage trucks. By the year 2035, it will be mandatory for all drayage trucks to be zero-emission. The Tri-gen platform is already supporting FCEV Class 8 trucks and is prepared to aid the ongoing transition to zero-emission trucks up until 2035.

The production of hydrogen can be adjusted based on the demand. After the construction of the Tri-gen system was completed last year, Toyota used the renewable hydrogen produced to fuel the first Toyota Mirai vehicles at TLS in January of this year. In April, the first heavy-duty FCEV Kenworth T680 Class 8 truck was fueled at the adjacent Shell HD filling station using renewable hydrogen produced by Tri-gen.

Statements from Toyota and FuelCell Energy

Chris Reynolds, Chief Administrative Officer, Toyota, said, “By utilizing only renewable hydrogen and electricity production, TLS Long Beach will blaze a trail for our company1. Working with FuelCell Energy, together we now have a world-class facility that will help Toyota achieve its carbon reduction efforts.”

FuelCell Energy CEO Jason Few said, “FuelCell Energy is committed to helping our customers surpass their clean energy objectives. By working with FuelCell Energy, Toyota is making a powerful statement that hydrogen-based energy is good for business, local communities, and the environment.”

Source: https://pressroom.toyota.com/fuelcell-energy-and-toyota-motor-north-america-celebrate-launch-of-worlds-first-tri-gen-production-system-at-the-port-of-long-beach/

This article is Copyright protected

Conceptualized in October 2019, Mercedes-Benz GenH2 Trucks, powered by liquid hydrogen based fuel cells, have undergone rigorous testing on both test tracks and public roads. Daimler Truck is taking the next step by building a first customer-trial fleet of these hydrogen-powered trucks. Now companies like Amazon, Air Products, INEOS, Holcim, and Wiedmann & Winz are participating in these trials, gaining initial experience in CO2-free long-distance transport.

The company aims to introduce the series version of the Mercedes-Benz GenH2 Truck in the second half of the decade, 2027.

The Mercedes-Benz GenH2 Trucks

• GenH2 Trucks inherit characteristics of the conventional Mercedes-Benz Actros long-haul truck in terms of payload, range and performance

• Hydrogen Fuel Cell System from cellcentric, a cutting-edge fuel-cell system that operates in a parallel hybrid configuration. This system combines the benefits of both hydrogen fuel cells and a battery to optimize efficiency and power delivery.

• The fuel cells generate a total power output of 300 kilowatts (kW) (equivalent to 2x 150 kW) .
• The battery, with a capacity of 70 kilowatt-hours (kWh), provides additional power when needed, reaching up to 400 kW temporarily
• At 70 kWh, the storage capacity of the battery is relatively low, as it is not intended to meet energy needs, but mainly to be switched on to provide situational power support for the fuel cell, for example during peak loads while accelerating or while driving uphill fully loaded. At the same time, the relatively light battery allows a higher payload. It is recharged with braking energy and excess fuel-cell energy.
• Daimler Truck prefers liquid hydrogen ( -253 degree C) in the development of hydrogen-based drives
• Two stainless-steel liquid-hydrogen tanks carry a total of 88 kilograms of liquid hydrogen (44 kg each). The stainless-steel tank system consists of two tubes, one within the other, that are connected to each other, and vacuum insulated.
• Electric Motors: In a pre-series version, the two electric motors are designed for a total of 2 x 230 kW continuous power and 2 x 330 kW maximum power.
• Range and Payload: The GenH2 Trucks offer an impressive range of up to 1,047 kilometers (approximately 620 miles) on one fill of liquid of hydrogen , that is 88kg of hydrogen. Thus 1047 KM per 88 kg of H2.
• They can carry a substantial payload up to 25 tons (50,000 pounds)with a gross vehicle weight of 40 tons (80,000 pounds).
• The semi-trailer tractors will operate on specific routes in Germany, transporting materials such as building supplies, sea containers, and cylinder gases.
• During these trials, the GenH2 Trucks will be refueled at designated public liquid hydrogen filling stations in Wörth am Rhein and the Duisburg area.
• For the first time, a new refueling process for liquid hydrogen will be used in the customer-trial fleet: the so-called “sLH2 technology” (sLH2 = “subcooled” liquid hydrogen). The technology was developed jointly with Linde and is freely available to all interested companies via an ISO standard.
• The innovative approach enables, among other things, an even higher storage density compared to LH2 and easier refueling within 10–15 minutes.
• These trucks represent a significant step toward CO₂-free long-distance transport and showcase the potential of hydrogen as a clean energy source for heavy-duty vehicles .

Source & Credit: https://www.daimlertruck.com/en/newsroom/pressrelease/fuel-cell-technology-daimler-truck-builds-first-mercedes-benz-genh2-truck-customer-trial-fleet-52552943

This article is Copyright protected

The Government of India, under the National Green Hydrogen Mission has come out with guidelines for undertaking pilot projects for using Green Hydrogen in the transport sector. The “Scheme Guidelines for implementation of Pilot Projects for use of Green Hydrogen in the Transport Sector”, have been issued by the Ministry of New & Renewable Energy (MNRE) on February 14, 2024.

MNRE has issued scheme guidelines for the pilot projects under which the Ministry of Road Transport and Highways (MoRTH) and the Scheme Implementing Agencies (SIAs) will be monitoring and implementing agencies for the trials. The Automotive Research Association of India (ARAI), a scheme Implementation Agency (SIA) has published RFP.
https://cms.araiindia.com/MediaFiles/CallForProposalGreenHydrogen_REV1_11999.pdf

Key points: Green Hydrogen in Transport Sector:

• The Scheme is with a total budgetary outlay of Rs. 496 Crores till the financial year 2025-26
• The scheme will support development of technologies for use of Green Hydrogen as a fuel in heavy-duty, long-haul vehicles ( Buses, Trucks) and passenger cars (gross vehicle weight less than 3.5 tonnes). The vehicles sponsored are based on two types of technology – fuel cell based (FC) / internal combustion engine (ICE)
• The scheme will support development of infrastructure such as hydrogen refuelling stations
• The scheme will support any other innovative use of hydrogen for reducing carbon emissions in the transport sector, such as blending of methanol / ethanol based on green hydrogen and other synthetic fuels derived from green hydrogen fit for automobiles
• Expenses on account of hydrogen production, land, operations and maintenance cost, etc. will not be funded under this scheme

Objectives of this Scheme: To boost Green Hydrogen in transport sector:

• To support the deployment of Hydrogen as fuel in buses, trucks and passenger cars in
• a phased manner on a pilot basis.
• To validate the technical feasibility and performance of hydrogen vehicles under real-
• world operational conditions
• To evaluate the economic viability of hydrogen-based vehicles
• To assess the performance, effectiveness of hydrogen refueling station
• To evaluate the performance of hydrogen-based vehicles and identify the areas for
• improvement
• To demonstrate safe and secure operations of hydrogen-based vehicles and hydrogen
• refueling stations.

Hydrogen Highways!

(updated on 14 March 2025)

The Ministry of New and Renewable Energy (MNRE) had previously issued guidelines for implementing pilot projects in the transport sector under this mission. Following this, proposals were invited for various hydrogen-based vehicles, routes, and hydrogen refueling stations.

After thorough evaluation, the MNRE has approved five pilot projects comprising a total of 37 vehicles, including buses and trucks, and nine hydrogen refueling stations. The project will include 15 hydrogen fuel cell-based vehicles and 22 hydrogen internal combustion engine-based vehicles. These vehicles will be tested on 10 routes across India, including:

• Greater Noida – Delhi – Agra
• Bhubaneshwar – Konark – Puri
• Ahmedabad – Vadodara – Surat
• Sahibabad – Faridabad – Delhi
• Pune – Mumbai
• Jamshedpur – Kalinga Nagar
• Thiruvananthapuram – Kochi
• Kochi – Edappally
• Jamnagar – Ahmedabad
• NH-16 Visakhapatnam – Bayyavaram

Major companies such as TATA Motors Ltd, Reliance Industries Limited, NTPC, ANERT, Ashok Leyland, HPCL, BPCL, and IOCL have been awarded these projects.

The Indian government will provide approximately Rs. 208 Crore in financial support for these selected projects. These pilot projects are expected to be commissioned within the next 18-24 months, which will help to scale up these technologies across India.

The necessary Green Hydrogen production projects, distribution infrastructure and refueling stations will be built along such highways. This will enable Hydrogen fueled inter-state buses and commercial vehicles to ply on such routes enabling Green Hydrogen Transport in India.

Press Release:Press Information Bureau

Source: https://pib.gov.in/PressReleaseIframePage.aspx?PRID=2006052

This article is Copyright protected